It is characterized by inflammation of the sebaceous glands. The rash varies
(fascicles, plugs, blisters, cysts). Appears on face, neck, back, buttocks, arms.
Reason: Heredity, endocrine disorders. In the anaerobic part of the sebaceous
glands, bacteria are found that produce lipases related to the pathogenesis of
acne because they produce free fatty acids that cause obstructive acne
damage and enhance inflammation in and around the gland.
Age: usually 13-19. However, there are cases that reach the age of 40 years.
Hormones: 60-70% of women experience deterioration about 1 week before
menstruation. Contraceptives have a good but limited effect on acne.
Diet: A low fat diet reduces sebum secretion, whether obese or normal. They
also help with salads, fruits and water.
Environment: The sun improves acne (antimicrobial activity of UVB on the
surface of the skin and the sebaceous gland. Also, with intense exfoliation the
pores are blocked) by about 60%. there is also a rate of about 20% worsening
and a rate of 20% remaining stable. Stress typically aggravates acne due to
sebum hypersecretion via parasympathetic.
The most common forms of acne are common acne, cosmetic acne, medical
(corticosteroids), tropical, professional acne, the most severe form of acne and
the most difficult to treat. Differential diagnosis will be made of infectious
termini, smooth juvenile warts, sebaceous adenomas, rosacea.
The treatment includes topical (creams, gels, lotions) but also systemic per os.
treatment with antibiotics, contraceptives or retinoids. Also, laser applications
or peelings (TCAs, glycolic) or fillers for scar filling in the case of the type of
implantation.